Sunday, April 30, 2023

World’s First Jet Engine

The World’s First Jet Engine Came From Romania

Few people know that the first jet engine was built by Romanian engineer and aviation pioneer Henri Coandă. This engine was very different from modern designs.

Coanda-1910 plane

The Coanda-1910 experimental aircraft on display at the Second International Aeronautical Exhibition at the Grand Palais in Paris, October 1910. The aircraft was designed by Romanian inventor Henri Coanda (1886 - 1972) and was most notable for its means of propulsion, whereby a conventional Clerget engine drove a turbine rather than a propeller.

It is believed that the first modern jet engine was patented in 1930 by the F. Whittle, and the first jet-powered aircraft was the German Heinkel He-178, which first took to the skies in 1937. Jet engines work on the principle of recoiling gases. What these gases are and how they are obtained and compressed is a secondary question.

Henri Coanda: Romanian Heinkel

Using this definition, we can posit that the very first jet engine powered by steam was constructed in the first century by Heron of Alexandria. Small rocket engines were invented in China and have been in use since the 12th century. But we are interested in the very first modern jet engine, based on mechanics and fuel combustion, with enough power for practical use in aviation. It was neither F. Whittle nor E. Heinkel. The first to build something that worked and gave reasonable thrust was Henri Marie Jean Gustave Coanda.

The Romanian aviation pioneer started working on a new type of propulsion shortly after the first human flight in history – in 1910. Coanda built the Coanda 1910 biplane, which was powered by a revolutionary engine known today as the MotorJet (In the following years, similar designs were developed independently by Frenchman O. Morize in 1917 and later by Englishman J.H. Harris, who patented the name MotorJet).

It was a hybrid of a jet engine and a piston engine. The piston engine drove a compressor turbine, which in turn compressed the gases from the burning fuel injected into the combustion chamber. Whether Coandă’s plane ever took flight is uncertain, though it is most likely that it crashed during its first attempt.

AN ENGINE WITH INTERNATIONAL APPEAL

However, the engine showed enough promise that it continued to be developed. Enough promise that in 1940, Nazi Germany ordered Henri Coandă to build a sleigh powered by his engine. The Italians then built the Caproni Campini aircraft, which made several successful flights with an engine based on Coandă’s idea. The Russians ran trials with a mixed-powered I-250 fighter (a piston engine powered by both a propeller and a compressor turbine), and the Japanese built the Tsu-11 engine for special Kamikaze aircraft.

In the end, the engine pioneered by Coandă proved to be a dead-end in the development of jet technology. The main issue was insufficient power, which was limited by the piston engine driving the system and the high weight of the kit. Due to the emergence and greater availability of engines based on a compressor driven by the gases ejected by the engine itself, the work on hybrid engines died a natural death.

This does not change the fact that Henri Coandă made an important, although often overlooked, contribution to the development of aviation. The Coandă Effect (the adhesion of liquids) he discovered during his work on the jet engine is still used today in aviation, automotive, and other sectors.

*Important Images*

Henri Coandă

F. Whittle

Coanda-1910 plane

German Heinkel He-178

E. Heinkel

Havkar: First jet plane aircraft Henry Coanda

Caproni Campini

I-250 fighter

Tsu-11

By - Tanishq Deshmukh

30 April 2023

Saturday, April 29, 2023

9 Most Expensive Vintage Cars In India

1]Aston Martin One 77

Made with aluminum body and carbon-fiber chassis and will cost you not less than 200 million.

Top speed- 349 km/h

Price- 2 Cr. IND

2]Mercedes-Benz Maybach

You can own this heavenly made car in 2.2Cr.

Top speed-250 km/h

Price-2.2 Cr. IND

3]Bentley Azure

The Bentley Azure is a four-seater convertible grand tourer produced by British automobile manufacturer Bentley Motors. The first version debuted in 1995 on the Bentley Continental R platform and was made until 2003.

Top speed - 317 km/h

Price- 3.5 Cr IND

4]Rolls Royce Phantom

It is one of the top notched vintage cars in India. The price of this model is INR 3.5 Cr.

Top speed-249.6 km/h

Price-3.5 Cr IND

5]Lamborghini Murcielago

Murcielago model is available in just 3 Crore. It is one of the favorite cars for all the lovers of classic cars

Top speed-speed- 342 km/h

Price-2.60 Cr IND.

6]Bentley Arnage

The British car maker that costs around INR 2.25 Cr and has an old world feel to it.

Top speed-274

Price- 2.5 Cr IND

7]Bentley Continental Flying Spur

This car has a price of around INR 3Cr and is powered by a 5.9 litre engine that churns out 553 BHP

Top speed- 333 km/h

Price- 3.41 Cr IND

8]Porsche Carrera GT

This car, though now no longer in the brand's current portfolio, has a price tag of around INR 1.75 Cr

Top speed- 330 km/h

Price-1.75 Cr IND

9]Mercedes-Benz S-Class

This car has a starting price of around INR 1.71Cr .

Top speed- 250 km/h

Price- 1.71 Cr IND

By- Tanishq Deshmukh

29 April 2023

Thursday, April 27, 2023

Indian Scientist Shankar Abaji Bhisey

Edison of India

Shankar Abaji Bhisey (29 April 1867 – 7 April 1935) was a self-taught Indian inventor who was once called by the New York American as the "Edison of India". Sponsored by Indian nationalists, he moved to England where his inventions included a type-setting machine for the printing industry, an advertising innovation and so on.

He then moved to the US where he designed a modification of the then popular ouija board where the supposed message of the spirit was printed onto a strip of paper. This spirit typewriter was patented in the US on 27 June 1922. He made no money from it but shortly after that he promoted a form of iodine termed as "atomidine" as a patent medicine, promoted by the American psychic Edgar Cayce, earned him royalty and fame. He had nearly 200 inventions to his credit with 40 of them patented.

* LIFE AND WORK *

Bhisey was born in Bombay. His father Abaji had been a court worker, a Munsif to a Shirestadar before becoming a Sadar Amin at Surat. After his father moved to Jalgaon, Bhisey spent time reading Scientific American and conducting experiments.

He had only a high school education but was interested in tinkering with mechanical devices. He began a Scientific Club in Bombay which had meetings each month.After his father passed away in 1893, he accepted an offer to go to England to show his inventions (of optical illusions and mind reading) with support from Sayajirao Gaekwd lll of Baroda, and he drew the interests of Dadabhai Naoroji, Tata and G.K. Gokhale.He examined paper pulping in England and returned to India to try to obtain a job at the Girgaon Paper Mill in 1896 but failed.

In 1896 he applied for a patent for a station indicator for use in the railways which showed the station of halt, the stations that had been passed and an estimate of the time to reach the next station. His father wished that he trained in the legal profession but he did not have an interest but he worked in the Accountant General's office in Bombay (1888-1897) which left him time for his own studies and diversions. He came into the limelight when he won a £10 prize in July 1897 for an invention for automatic weighing machine in a contest held in England. Several Indian newspapers of the period declared that his work

demonstrated Indian talent in science and sought sponsorship from Indian princes for him to travel and demonstrate his (and therefore Indian / Hindu) talents in Europe or America.

In 1901 Bhisey invented an illuminated advertising machine called a "Vertoscope" that could show multiple coloured advertisements which changed rapidly at intervals. This was however banned for use in London claiming that it startled horses. When this machine was displayed in the World Trade Exhibition in 1901 several English backers sought to purchase the rights but he was advised against it by Dadabhai Naoroji who helped him instead to found the Bhisey Patent Syndicate. He had the same device exhibited in Paris in 1901 with support from Mancherji Bhavnagari.

He patented an automatic toilet flush, an automatic bicycle stand, and the Vertolite Sign Lamp. The most influential invention was a type-setting machine called the Spasotype and later the Bhiso-type which could insert blocks at 1500 to 2000 characters per hour for use in printing.

The Hindu Missionary Society and several other Indian nationalist groups promoted Bhisey and his talents. He was invited to several meetings where he was honoured, including the Indian National Trade Congress at Madras on 26 December 1908.

He established an Indian society in London along with his wife Sushilabai, and others like Govind Kukade and Govind Ray.

In 1910 Ratan Tata established the Tata Bhisey Invention Syndicate in London. During World War I, Shapurji Saklatwala who managed operations in London for Tata shutdown Bhisey's syndicate and sold off the machinery to manufacture his Bhisotype. Bhisey then joined hands with Charles Slaughter of the Universal Type Casting Company in the US.

Bhisey faced significant difficulties with the Tatas and it was not until 1920 that he was able to launch his own corporation in the US, the Bhisey Ideal Type Caster Corporation. In 1917 he also dabbled in chemistry, producing a washing chemical called "Shella". He also developed an iodine based formulation called Baseline that he believed cured his malaria and could make water safe for drinking.

It was later bought in 1926 and renamed as Atomidine and was touted as a remedy for blood pressure, pyorrhoea, malaria and influenza.

He was labelled in the press as the "Indian Edison" and science journalist Francis Tietsort of the New York American proposed that he be given an honorary doctorate. Bhisey received an honorary doctorate in psychoanalysis from Chicago University. In 1930 he met his childhood inspiration, Edison, in New Jersey. He was sometimes referred to as "professor" and used the DSc as a postnominal along with F.S.Sc. (Fellow of the Society of Science, Letters and Arts of London).

Bhisey also wrote in Marathi, a family history of Raghunatha Viththala, also called Bapuji Viththala Satpute in 1896[7] and wrote a script for a drama called Garden of Agra or Diplomatic Doorga which featured Jack, an English boy falling in love with an Indian girl Doorga. Bhisey was politically a moderate, a supporter of the Indian National Congress and a staunch follower of Dadabhai Naoroji. He sought to build a Lotus Philosophy Centre for the promotion of an inter religious practice. The six petals of the lotus in the plan of the building represented the six major religions.

*Important Images*

Scientific American

Sayajirao Gaekwad lll

Dadabhai Naoroji

G.K. Gokhale

Tata

Actually real tata who helped

Shankar Abaji Bhisey not founded in internet .

Vertoscope

By- Tanishq Deshmukh

27 April 2023

Wednesday, April 26, 2023

Top 8 fastest Bike in INDIA

8 Fastest bike in India

1] Kawasaki Ninja H2r

This is one of the most violent bikes that we have in India. With the Ninja H2, the Japanese bike giant Kawasaki

Top Speed- 280 km/h

Price- 33 to 80 lakhs

2] Ducati Panigale V4

The Italian superbike maker, Ducati hits the right chord in the superbike segment with Panigale V4

Top speed - 299 km/h

Price- 67.9 lakhs (Mumbai)

3]Suzuki Hayabusa

The superbike created massive curiosity among superbike lovers in the country due to its majestic appearance in the Bollywood smash hit.

Top speed- 312 Km/h

Price- 16.4 lakhs

4]MV Agusta F4 RR

The powerful bike with top speed of 298 kmph carries numerous class-leading attributes like diamond- shaped headlamp.

Top speed-298 km/h

Price - 36.5 lakhs

5]Aprilia RSV4 RF

The ultimate hard-core track avatar of the Aprilia RSV4 RR, RSV4 RF is a limited edition track-oriented model of the Italian superbike.

Top speed- 300 km/h

Price-24.9 lakhs

6]Suzuki GSX-R 1000

The 6th generation race track focused GSX-R uses a 1000 cc, liquid cooled and FI motor that makes a maximum power of 202 hp.

Top speed- 300 km/h

Price- 20 lakhs

7]Honda CBR 1000RR Fireblade

The flagship superbike from the Japanese bike magnate is endowed with sleek design and compact fairing.

Top speed-286 km/h

Price-23.7 lakhs .

8]Ducati Diavel:

The visually intimidating high-performance liter class bike gets three riding modes.

Top speed-270 km/h

Price-41.3 lakhs

By- Tanishq Deshmukh

26 April 2023

Tuesday, April 25, 2023

Brahmos Missile

Super/Hypersonic Missile

The BrahMos (also designated as PJ-10)is a medium-range Ramjet Supersonic Cruise Missile that can be launched from submarine, ships, airplanes or land, notably being the Fastest Supersonic Cruise Missile in the World.

It is a joint-venture between the Indian Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and the Russian Federation's NPO Mashinostroyeniya, who together have formed BrahMos Aerospace. The name BrahMos is a portmanteau formed from the names of two rivers, the Brahmaputra of India and the Moskva of Russia.

The former President of India, A. P. J. Abdul Kalam asked BrahMos Aerospace to develop an advanced version of the BrahMos cruise missile to maintain India's lead in the field.He stated that hypersonic version of BrahMos would be needed that could deliver its payload and return to base.

*Place of origin*

India

Russia

*Type*

1) Cruise missile

2) Air-launched cruise missile

3) Anti-ship missile

4) Land-attack missile

5) Surface-to-surface missile

6) Submarine-launched cruise missile

*In service*

November 2005

*Designer*

India Defence Research and Development Organisation,

Russia NPO Mashinostroyeniya

*Manufacturer*

BrahMos Aerospace Limited

*Unit cost*

BrahMos : US$ 3.5 Million

BrahMos-ER : US$ 4.85 Million

BrahMos-A : US$ 5.5 Million

*Engine*

1st Stage :

Solid Rocket Booster

2nd Stage :

Liquid Rocket Ramjet

*Propellant*

1st Stage: Solid fuel

2nd Stage: Liquid fuel

The land-launched and ship-launched versions are already in service.An air-launched variant of BrahMos appeared in 2012 and entered service in 2019.

A Hypersonic version of the missile, BrahMos-II, is also presently under development with a speed of Mach 7–8 to boost aerial fast strike capability. It was expected to be ready for testing by 2024.

In 2016, as India became a member of the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR), India and Russia are now planning to jointly develop a new generation of BrahMos missiles with 800 km range and an ability to hit protected targets with pinpoint accuracy. Plans are to eventually upgrade all missiles to a range of 1,500 km

*Extended range*

In 2016, India became a member of the MTCR. India and Russia are now planning to jointly develop a new generation of BrahMos missiles with 1500 km-plus range and an ability to hit protected targets with pinpoint accuracy. On 24 November 2020, DRDO successfully test fired upgraded 800 km BrahMos variant. This upgrade will also be applied to all existing BrahMos missiles.

BrahMos-II

BrahMos-II is a hypersonic cruise missile currently under development and is estimated to have a range of 600 km. With a speed of Mach 8, it will have double the speed of the current BrahMos missile, and it will be the fastest hypersonic missile in the world. Development could take 7–8 years to complete.

BrahMos-NG

Size comparison between BrahMos and the planned BrahMos-M/BrahMos-NG.

BrahMos-NG (Next Generation) is a mini version based on the existing BrahMos system. It will have same 290 km range and Mach 3.5 speed but it will weigh around 1.5 tons, with a length of 6 metres and a diameter of 50 cm, making BrahMos-NG 50 percent lighter and three metres shorter than its predecessor.The system is expected to be inducted on the year 2024.BrahMos-NG will have lesser RCS (radar cross section) compared to its predecessor, making it harder for air defense systems to locate and engage the target. BrahMos-NG will have Land, Air, Ship-borne and Submarine tube-launched variants. The first test flight is expected to take place in 2022–24. Initially BrahMos-NG was referred to as BrahMos-M. Additionally, the BrahMos-NG will have an AESA radar rather than the mechanically scanned one on the BrahMos.

BrahMos Aerospace is planning to manufacture BrahMos-NG in Uttar Pradesh. The Indian Air Force already confirmed a requirement of 400 missile that will cost around ₹8,000 crore and be delivered within 5 years of time period.The missile is likely to be ready in late 2022.